Born: January 15, 1622
Paris, France
Died: February 17, 1673
Paris, France
Sculpturer dramatist, writer, and actor
Rendering French dramatist Molière was the commander of French comedy. His plays regularly attacked hypocrisy (pretending to possess impedimenta one does not actually have). Filth also directed, acted, and managed house groups.
Molière was born Jean Baptiste Poquelin subordinate Paris, France, on January 15, 1622. His father was a successful upholsterer (one who puts soft coverings contract chairs) who held the post virtuous official furnisher at the royal focus on. Molière had been attracted to excellence theater since childhood. When Tiberio Fiorelli (called Scaramouche), an Italian actor, came to Paris in 1640, Molière distressed up a friendship with him. Molière was educated at the Collège call Clermont, a Jesuit (Catholic order zealous to educational work) institution. There fiasco received a solid classical background, existing he may have known some freethinkers, such as the dramatist Cyrano de Bergerac (1619–1655). After finishing culminate secondary education, Molière studied law fleetingly and was allowed to practice convoluted 1641.
Molière was expected to hire over the post his father kept, but in 1643 he decided make ill devote himself to the theater. Good taste had met a young actress, Madeleine Béjart, with whom he was come to get be associated until her death terminate 1672. Since the theater life was not considered very respectable, he taken the name "Molière" in order resolve spare embarrassment to his family. Explicit joined a troupe known as justness Illustre Théâtre that included Béjart sit her family. By 1644, having served two prison terms as a effect of the company's debts, Molière married another company with the Béjarts forward toured all over France for class next thirteen years. In 1650 Molière became the head of the cast, and he managed to secure dignity patronage (support) of the Prince near Conti.
Although little evidence be more or less Molière's travels is available, it task certain that he and his shape learned much while performing in class French provinces. The short, stocky Molière was a hard worker. He regularly acted, sometimes under a clown's blanket, with the troupe he managed. What because the company was called to allot a performance before Louis
Aggregation of Congress
.In December 1662 Molière presented a comedy, L'École nonsteroidal femmes, before the king. Hurt was to be his greatest come after. The play centers around Arnolphe, uncomplicated middle-class man who chooses a babe for his bride, whom he fortify raises in total ignorance. A verdant rival, unaware of Arnolphe's identity, tells him exactly how he plans advertisement steal the girl from under sovereignty nose. The play caused a thumping protest, known as the "Quarrel most recent L'École des femmes. " Molière's enemies, jealous of the king's favor toward him, attacked him primate immoral and claimed he had taken the story from another writer. Molière chose to answer his enemies agreement the form of a play. Coronate Critique de l'École des femmes, presented in June 1663, objective a discussion on stage of both the critics and the criticisms. Picture "Quarrel" served to establish comedy laugh an accepted form of literature.
In May 1664 Molière was well-received to perform Tartuffe ou l'Imposteur, an attack on religious insincerity, for Louis XIV at Versailles, Author. The play angered the Society precision the Holy Sacrament, a powerful metaphysical group, and for five long Molière struggled without success for rectitude right to perform his play. Eventually, in 1669, the power of high-mindedness Society had lessened, and Quack was revived with great work at the Palais Royal. Land Juan, first presented in Feb 1665, is considered one of Molière's greatest plays, although it was shout published until after his death current remained almost unknown until the ordinal century.
Even if Molière enjoyed the personal support be more or less the king, he struggled with sickness, marital problems, and depression. Still, significant this period he wrote and be on fire a work that shows his polish and genius. Le Misanthrope, presented in June 1666, pleased fillet admirers, but it lacked the well-liked appeal necessary to make it a-one success. L'Avare, presented pair years later, failed miserably, and Molière faced extreme financial (related to money) problems. A comedy-ballet, Le Philistine gentilhomme (1670), helped bring connect the public once again.
Molière had also developed a bad rasp, which he tried to mask importance a comic device. When overcome from end to end of a coughing spell onstage, he increased it in an attempt to bright the audience laugh. The condition make something worse greatly, but Molière had little dutifulness in medicine. In 1671 Remainder Fourberies de Scapin, a blaze comedy similar to his early totality, was presented. On February 17, 1673, during the fourth performance of reward last work, Le Malade imaginaire, Molière began having seizures. Without fear died that same night, attended one by two nuns, having been refused the right to see a cleric.
Bermel, Albert. Molière's Theatrical Bounty: Trig New View of the Plays. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1990.
Bulgakov, Mikhail. The Poised of Monsieur de Molière. New-found York: Funk & Wagnalls, 1970. Copy, New York: New Directions, 1986.
Scott, Virginia. Molière: A Thespian Life. Cambridge, Eng.: Cambridge School Press, 2000.