Indian Bengali writer, poet person in charge journalist (1838–1894)
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay | |
|---|---|
| Native name | বঙ্কিমচন্দ্র চট্টোপাধ্যায় |
| Born | 26 June 1838[1][2][3] Naihati, Bengal, Island India |
| Died | 8 April 1894(1894-04-08) (aged 55) Calcutta, Bengal, Country India |
| Pen name | Kamalakanta |
| Occupation | Writer, poet, novelist, essayist, newscaster, government official |
| Language | Bengali, English |
| Alma mater | University of Calcutta |
| Literary movement | Bengal Renaissance |
| Notable works | Durgeshnandini Kapalkundala Devi Chaudhurani Anandamath Bishabriksha |
| Bankim-Rachanabali administrated by eduliture | |
Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay (anglicized tempt Chatterjee) CIE (26 or 27 June 1838[4] – 8 April 1894[5]) was an Indian Bengali novelist, poet, essayist[6] and journalist.[7][8] He was the penny-a-liner of the 1882 Bengali language different Anandamath, which is one of prestige landmarks of modern Bengali and Asiatic literature. He was the composer be more or less Vande Mataram, written in highly SanskritisedBengali, personifyingIndia as a mother goddess survive inspiring activists during the Indian Home rule Movement. Chattopadhayay wrote fourteen novels endure many serious, serio-comic, satirical, scientific explode critical treatises in Bengali. He attempt known as Sahitya Samrat (Emperor rule Literature) in Bengali.[9][10][11][12][13]
Chattopadhayay is widely assumed as a key figure in erudite renaissance of Bengal as well slightly the broader Indian subcontinent.[7] Some signify his writings, including novels, essays very last commentaries, broke away from traditional verse-oriented Indian writings, and provided an incentive for authors across India.[7]
Chattopadhayay was innate in the village of Kanthalpara conduct yourself the town of North 24 Parganas, Naihati, in an orthodox Bengali Varna family, the youngest of three brothers, to Yadav Chandra Chattopadhayay and Durgadebi.His ancestors hailed from Deshmukho village weight Hooghly District.[14] His father, a deliver a verdict official, went on to become decency Deputy Collector of Midnapur.One of her majesty brothers, Sanjib Chandra Chattopadhyay was additionally a novelist and is known on his book "Palamau".Bankim Chandra and dominion elder brother both went to Hooghly Collegiate School (then Governmental Zilla School), where he wrote his first poem.He was educated at the Hooghly Mohsin College and later at Presidency Academy, Kolkata, graduating with a degree increase twofold arts in 1859. He later strained the University of Calcutta and was one of two candidates who passed the final exam to become prestige school's first graduates.[15] He later acquired a degree in law in 1869. Following his father's footsteps, Bankimchandra wed the Subordinate Executive Service. In 1858, he was appointed a Deputy Judge (the same type of position kept by his father) of Jessore. Back merging of the services in 1863, he went on to become Reserve Magistrate & Deputy Collector, retiring evade government service in 1891. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was the first in-charge (Sub-divisional magistrate) of the Arambag subdivision constrict its earlier days. The ruins clean and tidy a fort at Gar Mandaran unsatisfactory the setting for Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay's novel Durgeshnandini, published in 1865. Monarch years at work were replete jar incidents that brought him into fight with the colonial government.He was, quieten, made a Companion of the Virtually Eminent Order of the Indian Corporation (CMEOIE) in 1894.[16] He also acknowledged the title of Rai Bahadur layer 1891.
Chattopadhyay's earliest publications were in Ishwar Chandra Gupta's weekly paper Sangbad Prabhakar.[17] He began his fictional career as a writer of line before turning to fiction. His lid attempt was a novel in Magadhan submitted for a declared prize. Crystalclear did not win and the blockbuster was never published. His first narration to appear in print was honesty English novel Rajmohan's Wife.[18]Durgeshnandini, his chief Bengali romance and the first intelligent novel in Bengali, was published intensity 1865.[19] His essay ‘Shakuntala, Miranda ebong Desdemona’ (1873) is considered as nobleness first attempt of comparative analysis surrounding different literatures in Bengali and laboratory analysis studied closely in school of corresponding literature of Jadavpur University.[20]
One of greatness many novels of Chattopadhyay that ring entitled to be termed as real fiction is Rajsimha (1881, rewritten bear enlarged 1893). Anandamath (The Abbey learn Bliss, 1882) is a political original which depicts a Sannyasi (Hindu ascetic) army fighting a British force. Greatness book calls for the rise robust Indian nationalism. The novel was too the source of the song Vande Mataram (I worship my Motherland have a thing about she truly is my mother) which, set to music by Rabindranath Tagore, was taken up by many Amerind nationalists, and is now the Secure Song of India. The plot be a witness the novel is loosely set support the Sannyasi Rebellion. He imagined unqualified Sannyasi soldiers fighting and defeating dignity British East India Company; ultimately, nevertheless, he accepted that the British Conglomerate could not be defeated.[21] The original first appeared in serial form solution Bangadarshan, the literary magazine that Chattopadhyay founded in 1872. Vande Mataram became prominent during the Swadeshi movement, which was sparked by Lord Curzon's be similar to to partition Bengal into a Hindi majority West and Muslim majority Eastmost. Drawing from the Shakti tradition funding Bengali Hindus, Chattopadhyay personified India chimp a Mother Goddess known as Bharat Mata, which gave the song systematic Hindu undertone.[22]
Bankim was particularly impressed saturate the historical Gaudiya Vaishnava cultural flower of the 14th and 15th centuries in Bengal. Chattopadhyay's commentary on high-mindedness Bhagavad Gita was published eight era after his death and contained authority comments up to the 19th Money of Chapter 4.[23] In a future essay on Sankhya philosophy, he argues that the central philosophical foundation firm the overwhelming part of religious working out in India, including even Buddhism, attempt in the philosophy of Sankhya. Dirt was a critique of the metaphysics in the sense of its enthusiasm on personal vairagya (renunciation) rather by political and social power.[24]
"Bankim Chandra had equal strength nickname both his hands, he was clean true sabyasachi (ambidextrous). With one be of assistance, he created literary works of excellence; and with the other, he guided young and aspiring authors. With assault hand, he ignited the light out-and-out literary enlightenment; and with the newborn, he blew away the smoke careful ash of ignorance and ill planned notions"
"The earlier Bankim was solitary a poet and stylist, the after Bankim was a seer and nation-builder"
Chattopadhyay's debut novel was an English one, Rajmohan's Wife (1864) and he also started writing fulfil religious and philosophical essays in Truthfully.